Western Sahara’s economy is underdeveloped, primarily reliant on phosphate mining, fishing, and pastoral agriculture. Ongoing political instability and territorial disputes constrain economic growth. Government policies in Moroccan-controlled areas focus on infrastructure development, but much of the region remains impoverished. Regulatory frameworks are weak, deterring foreign investment. Society is characterized by significant displacement and limited access to education and healthcare. Climate risks, such as desertification, exacerbate resource challenges. Healthcare services are basic and unevenly distributed.
