Niger’s economy is primarily agrarian, with uranium mining as a key export. Market competition is weak due to reliance on subsistence farming and limited industrialization. Public policies focus on poverty reduction, food security, and infrastructure, but progress is hindered by governance challenges and conflict. Regulatory frameworks are underdeveloped, deterring investment. Nigerien society is youthful and rapidly growing, with high poverty rates and low literacy levels. Education access is expanding but remains limited, particularly for girls. Healthcare infrastructure is inadequate, with rural areas underserved. Climate risks, including desertification and water scarcity, exacerbate developmental challenges. Niger’s economic future depends on stability, governance, and sustainable resource management.