Mauritania’s economy relies on mining (iron ore, gold) and agriculture, with growing interest in offshore gas reserves. Government policies focus on poverty alleviation and economic diversification but face challenges due to corruption and weak infrastructure. Regulatory frameworks are improving but remain underdeveloped, particularly in land and environmental management. Society faces significant poverty, with limited access to education and healthcare. Climate risks, including desertification and water scarcity, exacerbate agricultural challenges. Healthcare services are minimal and heavily reliant on international aid.
