The Middle East & North Africa (MENA) region displays a diverse economic profile, ranging from resource-rich nations like Saudi Arabia and the UAE to lower-income economies like Yemen. The region’s growth is heavily influenced by oil prices, though economic diversification efforts are accelerating, particularly in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Market competition is intensifying in sectors like fintech, renewable energy, and logistics.

Governments are central to economic activity, driving reforms aimed at diversification, labor market restructuring, and investment in non-oil industries. Public policy focuses on Vision 2030-style initiatives that emphasize sustainability, technology, and infrastructure development, though political instability in some areas continues to deter investment.

Society and culture are shaped by rapid urbanization, a youthful population, and shifting gender dynamics, fostering innovation and entrepreneurial activity.

Education markets are expanding, with growing demand for STEM and digital skills. Climate policies target water scarcity and renewable energy, critical for addressing environmental challenges. Health markets are focused on advanced care and medical technology, though disparities in access remain significant across the region.