Svalbard and Jan Mayen have economies centered on scientific research, tourism, and limited resource extraction (coal mining in Svalbard). Government policies, administered by Norway, prioritize environmental conservation and international cooperation. Regulatory frameworks are robust, ensuring sustainable resource use. Society is small and transient, primarily composed of researchers and seasonal workers. Education systems are not relevant locally, as the population is temporary, but research institutions attract global talent. Climate change significantly impacts the region, including glacial melting and ecosystem disruptions. Healthcare services are basic and rely on Norway for advanced care.