Nepal’s economy is dominated by agriculture and remittances, with growing contributions from tourism and hydropower. Market competition is limited by infrastructure deficits and a reliance on imports. Public policies focus on poverty alleviation, infrastructure, and energy projects, though political instability hampers implementation. Regulatory frameworks are evolving, with efforts to attract FDI in hydropower and tourism. Nepali society is predominantly rural, with increasing migration to urban areas and abroad. Education access has expanded, but quality and skills alignment remain challenges. Healthcare infrastructure is improving but underfunded. Climate vulnerabilities, including glacial melting and deforestation, require sustainable development strategies. Nepal’s growth hinges on governance reforms and infrastructure investments.