South Sudan’s economy is fragile and reliant on oil exports, with conflict and instability severely limiting growth. Market competition is minimal due to underdeveloped infrastructure and industries. Public policies focus on peacebuilding and reconstruction, but governance challenges and corruption undermine progress. Regulatory frameworks are weak, deterring foreign investment. South Sudanese society faces extreme poverty, with significant gaps in education and healthcare access. Education systems are underdeveloped, with high dropout rates and limited resources. Healthcare infrastructure is inadequate, exacerbated by conflict and displacement. Climate risks, including flooding and desertification, threaten livelihoods. South Sudan’s recovery depends on peace, governance, and long-term investment.