Sub-Saharan African countries recorded the highest HIV prevalence globally, with Eswatini, Mozambique, and South Africa recording the highest rates. HIV prevailed in this region due to the lack of access to contraceptives, healthcare services, and inadequate sexual health education. Since the 1990s, governments within the region have taken active steps to reduce the HIV infection rates. UNAIDS has urged governments to take action including supplying medication to suppress HIV and conducting awareness campaigns. Treatment guidelines for HIV are continuously relayed to the government from the WHO and DHHS to limit the spread of the virus but due to inadequate infrastructure and financial resources, this remains a persistent battle.